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A Level Physics Tutor

Ideal Gas Equation

Introduction
 

The ideal gas equation describes the relationship between the pressure, volume, temperature and amount of an ideal gas. It combines the gas laws studied at GCSE into a single equation and allows physicists to predict how gases behave under different conditions.

In this topic, students learn how to apply the ideal gas equation, convert between different units, and understand the assumptions made when modelling a gas as an ideal gas. These ideas are widely used throughout Physics, Chemistry and Engineering.
 

AQA A Level Physics Specification 3.6.1.1 Ideal Gases
 

What You Need to Know
 

  • State and use the ideal gas equation:

    • PV = nRT

  • Define each quantity in the equation:

    • Pressure, P (Pa)

    • Volume, V (m³)

    • Number of moles, n (mol)

    • Gas constant, R = 8.31 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹

    • Absolute temperature, T (K)

  • Convert temperatures from °C to K using:

    • Temperature (K) = Temperature (°C) + 273

  • Convert:

    • cm³ to m³

    • kPa to Pa

  • Understand the assumptions of an ideal gas:

    • Gas particles have negligible volume.

    • No intermolecular forces act between particles.

    • Collisions between particles and the walls are perfectly elastic.

    • Particles move in continuous random motion.

  • Apply the ideal gas equation to solve calculation questions.

  • Understand the limitations of the ideal gas model, particularly at high pressures and low temperatures, where real gases deviate from ideal behaviour.
     

Downloadable Topic Pack
 

Ideal Gas Equation Topic Pack Exam Questions and Answers
 

This downloadable resource contains:
 

  • Concise revision notes

  • AQA-style exam questions

  • Fully worked calculation questions

  • Unit conversion practice

  • Examiner tips on common mistakes when using the ideal gas equation
     

Related Topics
 

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